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Equine Emergency Preparedness: What Every Horse Owner Should Know

Dr. Jenifer Gold•March 22, 2024

As an equine emergency and critical care specialist, I cannot stress enough the importance of being prepared for emergencies. Here's a comprehensive guide to help you prepare for potential equine emergencies:

Essential Emergency Kit

Keep these items readily available:

  • Digital thermometer
  • Stethoscope
  • Bandage materials (roll gauze, vet wrap, cotton)
  • Clean towels
  • Flashlight with extra batteries
  • Hoof pick
  • Scissors
  • Twitch
  • Saline solution
  • Antiseptic solution
  • Latex gloves
  • Emergency contact numbers

Important Phone Numbers

Keep these numbers easily accessible:

  • Primary veterinarian
  • Emergency veterinarian
  • Farrier
  • Local animal control
  • Poison control
  • Trailer/towing service
  • Barn manager/owner

Vital Signs to Know

Normal ranges for adult horses:

  • Temperature: 99-101°F
  • Heart rate: 28-44 beats per minute
  • Respiratory rate: 8-16 breaths per minute
  • Capillary refill time: <2 seconds
  • Gum color: Pink

Common Emergencies and Initial Response

Colic

  1. Remove all feed
  2. Walk the horse if safe to do so
  3. Check vital signs
  4. Call veterinarian immediately

Lacerations

  1. Control bleeding with pressure
  2. Clean wound with saline
  3. Apply clean bandage
  4. Call veterinarian

Lameness

  1. Remove horse from work
  2. Check for obvious injuries
  3. Apply cold therapy if appropriate
  4. Call veterinarian

Eye Injuries

  1. Prevent rubbing
  2. Flush with saline if foreign body present
  3. Cover with clean cloth
  4. Call veterinarian immediately

Emergency Evacuation Plan

  1. Designate safe holding areas
  2. Keep halters and lead ropes accessible
  3. Maintain clear exit paths
  4. Practice loading horses
  5. Have backup transportation plans

Important Documents

Keep copies of:

  • Coggins test
  • Vaccination records
  • Medical history
  • Insurance information
  • Registration papers
  • Microchip information

Regular Maintenance

  • Check emergency kit monthly
  • Update contact information quarterly
  • Review emergency plans annually
  • Practice loading horses regularly
  • Maintain first aid training

When to Call the Veterinarian

Call immediately for:

  • Severe bleeding
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Severe colic
  • Eye injuries
  • High fever (>103°F)
  • Severe lameness
  • Neurologic signs
  • Any life-threatening situation

Remember, in an emergency:

  1. Stay calm
  2. Ensure your safety first
  3. Call for help
  4. Follow veterinarian's instructions
  5. Document everything

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult with your veterinarian for specific advice regarding your horse's health.